By
Dan Amor
For most
dispassionate observers of the Nigerian political scene, the only thing which
has destroyed the fabric of this country, after the Civil War, Boko Haram and
Fulani herdsmen killings, is corruption. This hydra-headed monster has become Nigeria 's middle
name. Aside from the untoward image this menace has wrought on the country and
the insult and embarrassment it has caused innocent Nigerians abroad, it has
inflicted irreparable damage to the basic foundations that held the country
together.
Corruption has
stunted our economic growth, our social and physical infrastructure, our
technological and industrial advancement and has decapitated our institutions,
which is why our over 40 research institutes are no longer functional because
they are headless. Even our academic and military establishments and other
security agencies cannot in all sincerity be exonerated from the deadly effects
of unbridled corruption.
The determination of President Muhammadu Buhari to
combat corruption and to go after suspects irrespective of their ethnic or
political leanings should enlist the sympathy of all well-meaning Nigerians. It
is the more reason why even the opposition Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), which
controlled the central government and a greater number of the 36 states and the
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As Nigerians,
we certainly do not need any soothsayer to tell us that ours is a corrupt
country. We see corruption live everyday. We see Mr. Corruption stalk the
streets, the roads and the highways across the country. We see Mr. Corruption
bid us goodbye at the airports and welcome us back into the country. We
Nigerians greet Mr. Corruption at the seaports and border posts as we clear our
cargoes into the country. We shake the juicy hands of Mr. Corruption as we
savour the winning of a lucrative contract. Truly, Nigeria , which in 1996 was ranked
by Transparency International as the second most corrupt country in the world,
achieved the utmost when in 1997, it was voted the most corrupt country on the
face of the earth. Ever since, the country has had the misfortune of being
grouped among the five most corrupt countries in the world. There can never be
any stigma as heinous as this in the comity of nations across the world.
Since the
current democratic political experiment started in May 1999, all successive
governments have had to place anti-corruption war as part of their programmes
of action, popularly known as manifestos or agendas. Yet, all had paid lip
service to the fight against corruption except the current administration of
President Muhammadu Buhari which is showing signs of its determination to
tackle the monster head on. As can be deduced from the body language and
actions of the President himself, Nigerians are now confident that this battle
will commence with the resoluteness it deserves. Successive administrations, in
spite of their much vaunted hoopla over corruption war, were ironically
refuting the claims of the Berlin-based Transparency International (TI) that Nigeria was
stinking with the evil stench of corruption.
For instance,
in 2004 following TI's categorization of Nigeria as the third most corrupt
country in the world, the Olusegun Obasanjo administration, instead of looking
inwards and soberly reassessing its anti-corruption programme to find out why
the campaign had neither secured credibility even among Nigerians nor yielded
any positive dividends worth commending, decided to lambast the agency.
Unfortunately, the government did not sound convincing to Nigerians. That the
government had tried to dismiss the TI verdict did not make the
unwholesome factors that informed the reports disappear. Besides the COJA
profligacy and bazaar and the allegation that various state governors were
exporting state allocations monthly, there was also the theatre of shame in the
National Assembly where quarrels over sharing of state funds had led lawmakers
to assault each other. Also, there was an allegation that Obasanjo himself
moved money into the hands of lawmakers in order to ensure that his third term
agenda scaled through.
Indeed, until
the exit of the former chairman of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission
(EFCC), Malam Nuhu Ribadu, the Commission saw nothing wrong, heard nothing
wrong and did nothing about former President Obasanjo or any of his ministers
and advisers in spite of mounting evidence of stinking corruption that is now
in the public domain, including the Siemens bribery scandal, the Petroleum
Technology Development Fund, the Transcorp shares, and the Schneider scandals.
As if there is an atmosphere of total impunity, we behave as though we don't
care about other corruption scandals that have rocked the national boat. These
include the National Integrated Power Projects, the Aviation Fund, the
Petroleum Equalisation Fund, the Rural Electrification Agency scandal, the
Federal Government Borehole Project, and the Halliburton Bribery scandals.
There are still the Universal Basic Education Commission scandal, the National
Identity Cards Project scandal, the National Examination Council fraud, the
Independent National Electoral Commission, the Nigerian Ports Authority
scandals, and the N1.1Billion National Gallery of Arts fraud, etcetera.
Lest we
forget, the Jonathan administration actually exposed some of these frauds but
lacked the political will to prosecute the offenders. While the Managing
Director and Executive Vice Chairman of the Power Holdings Company of Nigeria,
PHCN, and two of his Executive Directors were being sacked as a result of the
turmoil in the power sector against the backdrop of the $16.5Billion House of
Representatives Power Probe, the then Chairman of National Electricity
Regulatory Commission (NERC) and six of his commissioners were removed over an
alleged N1.5Billion fraud. At the time, the Senate also directed the probe of
the National Poverty Eradication Programme, NAPEP, citing lack of direction,
administrative perfidy and the failure of the programme to register a
formidable impact on the lives of Nigerians despite huge government investment
in it. Nothing came out of the exercise.
Indeed, the
blossoming of corruption in Nigeria
has been precipitated by the reign of free oil money and the absence of a true
federal system of government in which the people are made to eat what they
kill. For instance, the wanton display of ill-gotten wealth by politicians and
other questionable characters whose sources of income are never investigated by
government, encourages corruption. For once, let Nigerians of goodwill,
irrespective of political affiliation support President Buhari's call for a new
national order. The order by the President that henceforth, all monies
emanating from revenue generating agencies be paid into a Treasury Single
Account as stipulated in Sections 90 and132 of the 1999 Constitution (as
amended) is a step in the right direction. In fact, a comprehensive audit of
the oil and gas industry conducted by the Nigerian Extractive Industries Transparency
Initiative (NEITI) which exposed the sharp practices in the oil and gas
sub-sector of the economy was grossly discountenanced by respective Federal
Governments since 1999.
The upshot is
that several billions of Naira oil sales were never paid into the Federation
Account since 1999 by the nation's apex oil company, the Nigerian National
Petroleum Corporation, NNPC. The Revenue Mobilisation Allocation and Fiscal
Commission has had to raise several alarms and threatened court actions, all to
no avail. Even with the appointment by the late President Umaru Musa Yar'Adua,
of a foreign firm, Cobatt International Services Limited as pre-shipment
inspectors of crude oil exports, the rot in the oil and gas sector knows no
bounds as every activity in that sector appears to be shrouded in secrecy. At a
point, President Yar'Adua had to confess to a bemused nation that he was
overwhelmed by what he referred to as "entrenched interests" in the
oil and gas industry.
Even under
President Buhari himself, the Minister of State for Petroleum, Dr. Emmanuel Ibe
Kachikwu, recently raised the alarm over an alleged unilateral award of
contracts worth over N9 trillion by the Group Managing Director of NNPC, Dr.
Maikanti Baru. Nothing has been heard about the allegation more than six months
after. But Mr. President recently assumed the courage to sack David B. Lawal,
the Secretary to the Government of the Federation, SGF, and Ayo Oke, the
Director General of National Security Organisation over corruption allegations.
Yet, with the terrifying preponderance of fraud in our country, it seems as
though 'Praise Of Folly', the classic testament of Erasmus that chronicles the
emptiness or moral atrophy of his age, was written with Nigeria at
heart.
Supposing our
country was not this corrupt, we know where we would have been by now. Lyndon
Baines Johnson, the 36th President of the United States of America signed the
Freedom of Information Bill in 1967 to fight corruption. India and modern China , to mention just a few, were
able to free themselves from the shackles of underdevelopment because they
launched deliberate and devastating war on corruption. There cannot be a better
time to tackle this malady than now. Let's support PMB with all our heart, head
and all to extricate our dear country from this terrible enemy of growth.
Yet
the war on corruption has allegedly continued to be one-sided as all members of
the president's party are treated with kid gloves while the opposition party
members are criminalised and persecuted. This has made the whole exercise a
charade. But the anti-corruption war must be prosecuted in accordance with the
laws of the land taking into cognizance the fundamental human rights of
Nigerians. The war on corruption must not only be firm and total, it must be
seen to be firm and total irrespective of party, political, ethnic and
religious affiliations. The president deserves our support on this score.
*Mr. Amor, an
Abuja-based journalist and public affairs analyst, contributes regularly to
this blog.
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