By Livy-Elcon Emereonye
Sometimes ago, I received a call from some media consultants that
they would like to come and interview me on Lassa fever. And my reaction was
wow, Lassa fever again! Why Lassa fever? There is a possible resurgence of the
fever in Nigeria .
We even play “politics” with our lives. Lassa fever had been with us so if
there is resurgence now, we have ourselves to blame. This is because, more than
anything, Lassa fever is primarily a disease of hygiene. How clean is our environment?
What is our personal hygiene? What do we feed on? What type of health policies
do we have, and how functional are they? Our problem is Nigeria is more
of a problem of implementation.
Lassa fever is caused by a single-stranded RNA virus that is
animal borne (zoonotic). It can cause a potentially fatal illness that can
rapidly spread. The virus is spread by a particular type of rat known as the
‘multimammate rat’(Mastomys natalensis) that lives in large numbers in west,
central, and east Africa .
While we are what
we eat, our living conditions have direct impact on our health. People can get
Lassa fever, also known as Lassa haemorrhagic fever (LHF) through contact with
the urine or droppings of an infected rat; catching and preparing infected rats
as food; inhaling tiny particles in the air contaminated with infected rat
urine or droppings; and rarely, direct contact with a sick person’s blood or
body fluids, through mucous membranes, like eyes, nose, or mouth. However, It
should be noted that people with Lassa fever are not believed to be
contagious before they have symptoms. Lassa fever is not spread through casual
contact (like hugging, shaking hands, or sitting near someone).