By Adewale Kupoluyi
Natural disasters often occur without prior notice. In most
cases, when they occur, they have devastating effects on human lives and
property. While not much can be done to prevent nature from taking its course,
early warning mechanisms should be taken seriously to mitigate the effects of
natural disasters.
Few weeks ago, there were outbreaks of multiple earth tremors
in some parts of the Federal Capital Territory of Abuja that caused many
residents to be in dire state of panic, agony and discomfort. The intense trembling of the ground made many to feel that the vibration took place was a sign of earthquake. Earthquake ordinarily inflicts substantial human, material and economic losses, which many affected countries rarely recover from when it occurs. The Nigerian Geological Survey Agency and other emergency agencies had always downplayed the likelihood of earthquake in the country.
However, findings of the presidential committee, chaired by
the Director-General, National Space Research and Development Agency, NARSDA,
Prof. Seidu Mohammed, revealed the dangers inherent in human activities. The
committee has revealed that the country is now prone to seismic hazards and
that the possibility of an earthquake cannot be ruled out.
Before the report of the committee, there had been a wrong
perception that the nation was not at risk of earthquake meaning that without
putting in place necessary measures, the safety of lives and resources would be
jeopardised. Going down memory lane, Nigeria is
said to have been rocked by earth shakes between 1933 and 1999. The 1999 tremor
reverberated across many communities in the south-west states of Oyo, Ogun and
Osun.
The Abuja experience, which is 19 years after, is a wake-up
call that there is need for a proper monitoring of all earthquake-prone areas
in the country, just as some were recorded two years ago in Kwoi, Kaduna State;
Saki, Oyo State; and Igbogene in Bayelsa and in 1984, around Ijebu-Ode, Ogun
State; as well as Ibadan, Oyo State. Earthquakes tend to be concentrated in
zones that coincide with boundaries of tectonic plates into which the earth is
divided, even though Nigeria is
said not to be situated at such plate boundaries.
Updated appraisals in the geological, hydrological and
geotechnical reports for Abuja have
identified the underneath rock layers of the affected area as very weak and
bearing several fractures and faults system. For many years, the upland area is
said to be exposed to unregulated drilling and blasting of rocks by quarrying
companies, artisanal miners as well as indiscriminate drilling of boreholes.
NARSDA has raised an alarm that Abuja presently
has a major vacuum underground due to excessive drilling of over 110,000
boreholes. To be adequately prepared for eventualities, the Nigerian Geological
Survey Agency, NGSA, should enforce the laws criminalising indiscriminate
mining, rock blasting and digging of boreholes while sister authorities should
deploy necessary technology that would effectively monitor geological surveying
methods across the country.
Emergency agencies should put in place consistent awareness
programmes and safety training in the communities prone to tremors and
earthquakes on how to respond in the event of any emergency. The six
earthquake-monitoring seismograms procured to enable proper monitoring of all
ground disturbances for all the geological zones of the country should be put
to maximum use.
In a similar vein, Nigeria is no doubt
under the fury of flooding in many states across the federation, just the same
way that some states in the United States of America are
negatively affected by Hurricane Florence. Both phenomena are water-inspired
but response to them depends a lot on the attitude of the people when it comes
to adhering to regulations and precautionary measures.
In the US , citizens listen to and
take predictions by meteorological services seriously unlike in Nigeria ,
where people who are bound to be affected by the calamity often decide to live in
denial when told that the floods are coming. For instance, the timely response
of the National Emergency Management Agency, NEMA, has helped in no little way
to mitigate the impact of disasters.
By conducting
on-the-spot assessments of the impacts of the floods, NEMA often provided
relief materials, rescued trapped people, defined areas of intervention and
rescued vulnerable persons. The attitude and behaviour of the people who live
in and disaster-prone areas should change. These precautionary warnings are
always overlooked by the same people who would be affected when the time comes,
due to ignorance, superstition and poor disposition to safety information.
On a lighter mood, we recall that natives of FCT, under the
aegis of Coalition of Abuja Indigenous Association, CAIA, have alluded that
their ancestors were responsible for the recent earth tremors in Abuja ,
saying the claim by some government agencies and officials was not correct
because the earth tremor was a natural incident to them.
The natives had threatened to invoke the spirits of their
ancestors to join them in the genuine struggle to liberate their people from
the perceived marginalisation by the government! Therefore, consistent
awareness and enlightenment should be embarked upon by the government on what
should be done at periods of emergencies.
Adequate funding should be provided for agencies that are
saddled with the responsibilities of mitigating the impact of these calamities
and providing succour to the people. This would enable them to have up-to-date
technological equipment needed to address the challenge and the resources to
provide welfare when judiciously utilised.
Regulatory
agencies should screen more closely, activities of miners and construction
companies that are engaged in various works in Abuja and
other parts of the country, especially those that are prone to earth tremors.
They should be closely monitored. Mr. Kupoluyi, wrote from the Federal
University of Agric., Abeokuta , Ogun State .
Indiscriminate drilling of boreholes should be curtailed. Failure to provide municipal water services to the people is what is encouraging individuals to look for alternative water sources. Government should live up to expectations by providing basic infrastructural needs for the citizenry.
Indiscriminate drilling of boreholes should be curtailed. Failure to provide municipal water services to the people is what is encouraging individuals to look for alternative water sources. Government should live up to expectations by providing basic infrastructural needs for the citizenry.
This can be done better through the public-private
partnership basis. Despite the mixed feelings it has generated, the recent
tremors should certainly serve as a wake-up call that earthquakes can happen in Nigeria .
This is the truth. We just have to be pro-active.
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