By Moses Ochonu
I study Northern
Nigeria for a living. I am a Lugardian Northerner. I grew up in
and schooled in Northern Nigeria. I know that
conspiracy theories have a high resonance in the region. I know that
implausible and sometimes ridiculous alternative explanations and alternative
facts circulate in the region to devastating effect.
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*Buhari |
Conspiracy theories led to non-Muslim fellow Nigerians
being killed in Kano shortly after the beginning
of the US invasion of Afghanistan in
2001. The ignorant interpretation of cosmic and climatic events as recompense
for sin by some Muslim clerics led to Christians being attacked in Maiduguri when there was
a solar eclipse--years before Boko Haram emerged.
Conspiracy theories and outright fabrication about
insults and plots against Islam got Gideon Akuluka and Grace Usha beheaded in Kano and Gombe
respectively. I know several northerners who are Truthers, believers in the
theory that the 9/11 attacks were the work of the US government and/or Jews. I have
seen posts written by Northern Nigerians on my Facebook timeline alleging that
jews and/or Americans created ISIS to destroy
Islam. Such posts garner many likes from Northern Nigerians.
Until Buhari's election, there was a cottage industry of
conspiracy theories about Boko Haram being the work of the CIA or of being a
plot by then President Jonathan to destabilize the North. Former Governor
Murtala Nyako of Adamawa State even went to Washington DC
to spout this nonsensical theory, lending executive credence to a previously
fringy contemplation. Some Northern Nigerians alleged that the US and French
governments were supplying weapons to Boko Haram to destroy Islamic solidarity
and pit Muslims against one another.
One interlocutor even told me that his village people
had seen some Baturai (white people) among the terrorists, insinuating that
that was proof of Western backing for Boko Haram. The abiding power of this
particular conspiracy theory is the reason that when stories circulated in the
wake of the capture of Camp Zairo in Sambisa about a "white man" being
among the captured insurgents" the stories was a particularly enduring
sensation in Northern Nigeria. In fact,
Northern Nigerians dug up and widely circulated photos of the moment
Cameroonian soldiers rescued a German hostage released by Boko Haram several
years ago. The fake photo gave the story even more resonance in Northern
Nigerian social media circles. The story found a primed audience in Northern
Nigerians because it confirmed what many already believed. Its spread was aided
by the existence of confirmatory bias in the region.