Alongside the experience of history and the role of
national and international identity, the one theme that emerges in the
evolution of cities throughout the continent of Europe
is the impact of ideology, whether conservative, ecological, feudal or socialist.
Past ideologies have created cities that are memorials to the divine monarch (Versailles ), to the imperial mission (Vienna ),
and to utilitarianism and the pursuit of profit (Bradford ).
It has been suggested that the morphology of the city is not only the product
of the civilization that houses it but also a factor in the creation of that
civilization.
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| *Governor Ambode |
At a more prosaic level, it is clear that in cities
such as Stockholm , Gothenburg, and Helsinki
