By Idowu Ohioze
Recent occurrences, many of which many
Nigerians would identify with, have led me to reach an arguably inevitable
conclusion: Nigeria
is a country on an unarrestable decline.
*President Buhari |
You may or may not share my rather pessimistic opinion depending on your ethnic or political affiliation or religious persuasion since most Nigerians are easily given to assessing public policies and socio-political trends on destructively bias yardsticks namely –and in order of subjective preference - the ethnicity, religious or political origins of the principal protagonists.
My conclusion is the outcome of a deductive reasoning that is based on an analysis of the essentials that impede national progress or are known to have orchestrated the demise of known ancient empires and nation-states.
In the following short essays on a range of issues, I make,
hopefully, a string of compelling arguments to support my hypothesis of a
disappearing political construct.
The genie is out of the
bottle. We just have to figure out how the demise of Nigeria will affect us as
individuals
A Killing Field?
If you consider that the emergence of Boko Haram insurgency was
sadly the failure of government at each level in Nigeria ,
you certainly should be alarmed that cattle rearers are wrecking havoc in parts
of Nigeria
unchallenged by the government.
Confrontations between landowners and heavily armed nomadic cattle
rearers have resulted in numerous deaths in Benue, Enugu
and other parts of Nigeria
but the closest to a government response has been a tepid statement by Lai
Mohammed, the federal minister of information.
Rumour of the presence, at the National Assembly, of a draft grazing
bill with equally rumoured provisions for statutorily delineated grazing lands
within states, has so far been denied by some legislators but the question of
Nigerians’ age-long vulnerability within its borders has been brought to the
forefront of the debate by the wanton destruction of lives and properties by
individuals who are, disturbingly, above the law.
Some state governors have vowed to resist cattle rearers within
their territories. In fact, in the south-east, a governor has hinted at
resuscitating and re-arming the dreaded Bakassi boys in defence of the citizens
of his state against terrorizing cattle herders. As it is commonly the level to
which such matters of dire consequences degenerate to in Nigeria , some
ethnicists – among them the influential Sultan of Sokoto and Senator Godswill
Akpabio – promptly disclaim the erring cattle rearers as Nigerian Fulanis but
foreigners from bordering countries.
This raises 3 questions: why does the nationality of criminals
matter in this context since a court’s jurisdiction isn't defined by the
citizenship of parties before it? How is it that foreign herdsmen can enter Nigeria with
arms unchallenged by authorities for clear breach of immigration and criminal
laws in light of the fact that these are not individuals who are normally not
able to travel under the radar for far too long? And how were those who
publicly attest to the nationality of the criminals able to determine it since
none of the offenders has been apprehended and interviewed by the authorities?
During my time at the University
of Benin , it was common
occurrence for students and staff to attempt to dodge with dexterity heaps of
animal wastes left strewing around the campus by herded cattle. Their handlers
invaded every available green space there was, including faculty grounds.
Those were the days stick-wielding Fulani herdsmen went about
destroying people’s crops unaccosted. Times have changed – owners of forcibly
conscripted grazing lands now attached more value to their properties and the
marauding intruders are now better armed with far more than a little stick and
a dagger.
One now wonders how a clash between armed herders and students would
turn out. Laxity in security at student hostels is well documented, and the OAU
student massacre in the 90s readily comes to mind.
Do we need the slaughtering of slumbering students to arouse more
than a passive interest in the government since the mass murders in Enugu and Benue didn't
move authorities to act decisively on this matter of national significance?
You are probably concerned about the fate of your folks in your
village should the armed cattle herdsmen show up there. As their access to
grazing spaces shrink, other unprotected villages must prepare for their
eventual unannounced arrival.
What does this potential clash of heavily armed herdsmen with
equally armed or defenseless villagers portend for Nigerians?
Isn’t it logical to conclude that Nigeria is on a dangerous,
perilous path to destruction if the grazing bill, assuming one exist, is passed
in its rumoured state or the conflict between herders and landowners continues
unabated?
Issues in
(De)regulation
You must have heard of the deregulation debate before in Nigeria . It
isn’t new to even passive watchers of events in Nigeria .
What is new, however, is that with the Buhari government’s
announcement of the deregulation of the downstream sector comes the ceiling of
the price of a litre of petrol.
As I understand it, there isn’t such a thing as a partial
deregulation of a sector or industry. Which is why the introduction of price
ceiling is confounding.
To be clear, the deregulation of the downstream sector of our energy
industry wouldn't cause the disintegration of Nigeria . But this mismatch of
policies could have the unintended consequence of further impoverishing
ordinary Nigerians which can only be a recipe for disaster.
If you consider that a basket of tomatoes currently sells for
N50,000, a heap of 3 tomatoes for N500 and one tomato ball for N100 in some
parts of Nigeria at a time the government has pegged a litre of petrol at
N87.50 but end-users actually pay more for it, you have got to ask what will
happen when retailers begin to sell at the top price of N145.
It may well be that N145 may not be enough incentive for most
importers of the product, thereby further worsening the present scarcity of the
essential product.
Why is there a price ceiling at the same time as the removal of
regulation which engenders competition among market players that ultimately
leads to a reduction in price? Why is the interplay of demand and supply not
allowed to determine the price of the commodity in a deregulated industry?
The government may have lost the advantages deregulation necessarily
brings to an economy by this semi-deregulation of a sort.
Anyone who has recently bought any item in the marketplace in Nigeria will
readily attest that the average pepper seller cites the exchange rate of the
naira to the dollar as well as the price of petrol as the reasons for the
astronomical increase in commodity prices.
We all know that there is no direct correlation between prevailing
exchange rate and the price of tomato, but Nigeria ’s Shylock merchants are
known to seize any opportunity to deplete the average Nigerian’s disposable
income.
There is the story of a Suya buyer who, upon being presented with
ready-to-be wrapped suya containing only sliced onions, sought to know why
sliced tomato wasn't added. The long-suffering mai-suya calmly told him that he
was offered one tomato at N100 in the market which he promptly refused to buy.
If you want some sliced tomatoes for your suya, you will have to cough out
N100!
Add the rising cost of tomato to that of electricity, garri, mass
transportation, petrol, kerosene, including the devaluation of the Naira and
you will appreciate the compounding of the problems of already stretched Nigerian
John and Jane Doe. Past high levels of kidnappings and robberies will soon be
child play compared to what is to come should a multitude of Nigerians continue
to be rendered economically useless by government policies.
More Universities, Diminishing Quality of Output
Mallam Adamu Adamu, Nigeria ’s
federal minister of education, recently announced the establishment of six new
universities of science and technology. In his announcement, Adamu referenced
the fact that one million Nigerians recently sat for the JAMB university
admission examination in a country where there are only 150,000 available
undergraduate spots.
Accessibility to university education, he claims, is the major
consideration for the introduction of six more universities just 5 years after
Goodluck Jonathan’s regime created 12 new federal universities that are
definitely being underfunded and mismanaged.
But access to university education is actually beside the issue.
Take for example Edo
State . Adam Oshiomhole,
its governor, has just secured approval from the NUC to establish a state
university in Iyamho his village. The location of the new university isn’t the
issue here. But Iyamho is only a few minutes’ drive from Auchi and, on a
motorable road, less than an hour drive to Ekpoma, two cities with a federal
polytechnic and a state-owned university respectively.
Edo is one of the most resourced states in Nigeria
regarding post-secondary institutions, so a new university isn’t really
necessary considering its comparably small population. There is the University of Benin ,
Ambrose Alli
University , Federal Polytechnic,
Auchi, Igbinedion University , Benson
Idahosa University ,
University of Education , Ekiadolor, etc.
Yet the governor considered it of utmost importance to splash the
scarce resources of the state on a new university that is certainly in close
physical proximity to 2 other established post-secondary institutions in the
state.
His mindset had to be political: the location of a state institution
in his village is a political give back to his people less than a year to the
end of his 2-term tenure.
If this mindset continues to dominate decision making in Nigeria,
soon many pidgin English speaking okada and keke napep riders would end up with
university degrees that are both worthless to them and the economy.
Education for all – a popular global mantra - must not translate
into university degree for all. This isn’t a bourgeois viewpoint but a
desperate sounding of the alarm that Nigeria is overproducing half-baked
university graduates who have low to zero employability rating and whose skills
and level of acquired knowledge are sadly beneath those of high school
graduates in Finland, Japan, the US, Canada and the UK!
A country that aspires to be great must prioritize education.
Nigerians consider university education as the only means to
employment, but a college education is not known to increase a nation's
economic productivity greatly. The global economy is being, and will continue
to be, steered towards a digital information age which will be powered by
science and technology certificates.
And Nigeria
already has an abundance of science and technology-focused federal and state
universities and polytechnics which, interestingly, Nigerians is less inclined
to attend because of the unequal treatment by the government of degree and HND
holders.
The minister of education must first arrest the
poor quality of course curriculum and poor pedagogical skills of university
lecturers. Accessibility to university isn’t the problem plaguing the school
system. The country needs a culturally-sensitive but economically relevant
modern educational system.
The state of education in Nigeria is laid bare by the crowd
of Nigerian families who send their wards to study abroad. The low quality of
output, and not inaccessibility, is the greatest disincentive to studying in Nigeria .
The quality of a service isn’t enhanced through multiplicity or
over-extension of that service. Enforced scarcity (of university degrees)
could, perhaps, yield a higher quality of output for all stakeholders.
As things stand, the educational system is in decline. Just read
some gut-wrenching poorly written postings by Nigerian graduates on social
media sites. A check will convince you that more universities equal lower
standard, at least in Nigeria ’s
case.
Corruption
Everywhere
It is no more breaking news that David Cameron, the UK ’s prime minister, called Nigeria
“fantastically corrupt.” In a rare show of nationalist fervour, many Nigerians
raised more than an eyebrow at his comments. These ever so fleeting ‘patriotic’
Nigerians could be classified as those who prefer to drive away the proverbial
hawk before remonstrating with the bounds-exceeding hen.
The Iuleha people in Edo
State – of which I am one
– have a saying that goes: if you neglect to wipe your mouth after a meal, you
will suffer the indignity of being reminded, by a stranger, of the presence of
a modicum of melon soup on your cheek.
Isn’t it a fact that thieving Nigerians continue to stash monies
stolen from Nigeria in
foreign banks, including the UK ’s?
You probably haven’t heard of the Nigerian senator who, some years back,
allegedly stormed Calgary , Canada with money enough to buy 50
houses!
Or isn’t it true that over $21 billions of our commonwealth was
shared by Goodluck Jonathan’s lieutenants under the watchful eyes of Africa’s
first supremely empowered coordinating minster of the economy who happens to
have previously headed the World bank?
Have you asked why is it that despite several bank executives having
been arrested by the EFCC, and are currently repaying huge sums of money that
were allegedly illicitly laundered overseas through their banks for the
country’s former petroleum minister cum president #3 (re: former president
Olusegun Obasanjo’s characterisation), the boards of the implicated banks have
failed to resign and the governor of the CBN who superintended the unlawful
acts has ostensibly warmed his way into president Buhari’s heart and still
retains his job?
What ever happened to Raymond Dokpesi’s corruption case? Is there
any chance that Sambo Dasuki’s trial will conclude in 4 years or will fugitive
Joshua Dariye ever relocate back to Nigeria
from the UK
to face trial for stealing Plateau citizens’ money?
Some Nigerian judges are filthy wealthy through dintless receipt of
kickbacks to throw court cases, injunctions and the sort.
On arrival at Muritala Mohammed Airport ,
one is immediately confronted with the mess that Nigeria has become. There are those
who say things have improved in that space but I don’t know of any country that
is besieged by internal insecurity and yet permits that high number of hustlers
who sell everything from Nollywood DVDs to padlocks to departing and arriving
airline passengers.
Try obtaining a Nigerian passport or renewing your driver’s license
or securing a police clearance certificate at Ikoyi, and you will have to ‘drop
something’, on top of the unofficial fee that almost every Nigerian pays for
public service, to get through.
My 82-year-old father’s name suddenly disappeared from the federal
government’s pensioners’ list more than four years ago, after 35 years of
working for the government. He hasn’t been receiving his monthly pension since
then, but no government office can explain why a living pensioner’s name was
suddenly taken off the record.
Some director in the government’s pension office has agreed to
assist me to unravel this dilemma fuelled in part, I think, by his respect for
a former classmate of his who connected me to him. He has, however, advised
that we should forget about reclaiming the four years’ worth of unpaid pension
that the locust has eaten. Who is this locust? A foreigner from Niger , Chad or one from out of space?
Haven’t you noticed that no one gives you change again in Nigeria ? Send a
lad, with N500, to go buy you something that is worth far less and you wouldn’t
receive change. ‘Ah bros, the mama say make I con collect change later’, he
will tell you in Pidgin English, and there goes your money.
How come Nigerians are offended by David Cameron’s statement of true
facts when in fact they are not scandalized by the obscene display of unearned
wealth by Dino Melaye, one of Nigeria ’s
lunatic lawmakers, and his ilk?
Do you really think that an economy that has bled billions of
dollars through corruption within the period that Jonathan ruled would really
survive the drought of resources that is before us?
How many states are really financially solvent? Shouldn’t Osun and
the many states that received federal bailouts only to divert corruptly the
money be allowed to go bankrupt so that we will be rid of these rent seekers of
politicians and their hangers-on?
Goodbye to a country that was.
To be continued …
Idowu Ohioze can be reached via idowuohioze@gmail.com.
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