Papa Abraham
Aderibigbe Adesanya cherished his role as the leader of the Yoruba. He knew it
meant danger and sacrifice but he embraced his assignment with enthusiasm. Now
that he has been with the ancestors for a decade, it is fitting to ponder on
his ministry and the main assignments that dominated the final years of his
crowded and productive life. Papa Adesanya was trained as a lawyer and pursued
a career in politics, but his real vocation was leadership.
Adesanya was one of
main leaders of Afenifere, the mainstream political and cultural movement of
the Yoruba people which came into existence after the demise of Chief Obafemi
Awolowo, the first Premier of the defunct Western Region and leader of the
Yoruba nation. In the roaring 1950s, Awolowo became the first leader to govern
almost the entire Yoruba country since the time the princes departed from
Ile-Ife at the dawn of time. He made efforts to bring the Yoruba of the North,
then in what was called the Ilorin and Kabba Provinces ,
(now Kogi and Kwara states) into the West. His effort was frustrated by the
combined forces of the Northern Peoples Congress, NPC, and the National Council
of Nigeria and the Cameroun ,
NCNC. At the London Constitutional Conference of 1958, both the NPC and the
NCNC preferred that the issues of new regions and the adjustment of regional
boundaries be deferred till independence.
For the past 60 years,
attempts have been made to solve this issue, what Nigerians called the
Nationality Question, but not to the satisfaction of most Nigerians. Instead of
three regions we had in 1960, we now have 36 states. Instead of the tax payers
paying only three premiers, we now have 36 governors on our payroll. Whether
this has led to better and improved governance is a matter for debate. However,
it has certainly led to geometrical increase in spending on public officials. *Abraham Adesanya |
When Papa Adesanya succeeded Chief Michael Adekunle Ajasin, first elected
governor of old Ondo
State , as the leader of
Afenifere in 1997, it was at the height of the struggle against the
dictatorship of General Sani Abacha. Adesanya survived an assassination attempt
on the street of Lagos
and endured many harassment but he was a man of great personal courage who
could not be bought not be intimidated.
When Abacha died
suddenly in 1998, it created another opportunity to renew our struggle for
constitutional reforms. The Afenifere and other leaders of the opposition
National Democratic Coalition, NADECO, believe that the injustice of the June
12 annulment was made possible because of the flawed nature of the Nigerian
Federation. The death of Abacha was therefore seen as providing a window of
opportunity to renew the call for constitutional reforms. The new military
ruler, General Abdulsalami Abubakar soon extended a hand of friendship to our
leaders. He ordered the release of many of our leaders who were kept in prisons
by the Abacha junta. Soon, Adesanya’s deputy, Chief Bola Ige, came home from
Makurdi Prisons. Other Prisoners of War: Beko Ransome-Kuti, General Olusegun
Obasanjo, Otunba Olabiyi Durojaiye, Alhaji Lam Adesina, Nosa Igiebor, Kunle
Ajibade, Chris Anyanwu, George Mba, Ayo Opadokun and many others soon regained
their freedom. But not the hero of June 12, Chief Moshood Abiola!
Soon Abdulsalami
reached Adesanya and the Afenifere leadership was invited to Abuja . The go-between was General Leo
Ajiborisa, first military governor of Osun State .
For the first time, our leaders were pleasantly received at the Aso-Rock Villa,
once the lair of Abacha. As expected, Adesanya demanded for the release of
Abiola. He also presented other Afenifere demands to Abubakar, the most
important of which was that Abiola must head a Government of National Unity
which would prepare an acceptable Constitution for the Nigerian people.
Adesanya wanted Abiola released immediately. Abubakar fussed over the demands.
He was polite and solicitous but would not give any definite promise on when
Abiola would regain freedom.
Soon after his return
from Makurdi Prisons, members of our group, the Idile Oodua, met with Ige in Ibadan . He was confident
that Abiola would soon be released. He said once Abiola was out, discussion
would commence on how to form a Government of National Unity that would
superintend an acceptable Constitution. For us, an acceptable Constitution would
be one that would put all Yoruba people in Nigeria under one regional
government. That was what Awolowo wanted in 1958. That was what we wanted in
1998. With such a government, Ige enthused, we would be able to built our own
power stations, our own rail and create a true Commonwealth of freedom for all
and life more abundance.
Then on the morning of
July 7, 1998, Papa Adesanya and some of his colleagues were to travel to Abuja to meet with
General Abubakar who had promised that they would now be allowed to see Abiola.
They were still at the Murtala Muhammed Airport ,
Lagos , when
news broke that Abiola had died suddenly in the very presence of international
visitors including the new Secretary General of the United Nations, the
Ghanaian, Kofi Annan. That day they brought Abiola home to us in a body bag. He
was free.
But the country
remained in chain to the Constitution that Abacha gave us. Adesanya believe we
could use the instrument of democracy to change that Constitution and replace
it with one of our choice. Adesanya led his team to form the Alliance for Democracy, AD, which contested
the presidential election of 1999
in alliance with the All Peoples Party, APP. The
joint-presidential candidate was Chief Olu Falae, a public sector economist,
bureaucrat, former Secretary to the Government of the Federation and former
Minister of Finance. He lost to the candidate of the conservative Peoples
Democratic Party, PDP, Chief Olusegun Obasanjo.
Obasanjo, a retired
general who was a divisional commander during the Nigerian Civil War, believed
that the fissiparous tendencies of Nigeria could only be put at bay by
a strong centre. He was sympathetic to Afenifere’s call for Constitutional
reform, but was reluctant to lift a finger. However, his right hand man was
Chief Bola Ige, deputy-leader of Afenifere, who served initially as Minister of
Power before he was re-assigned as the Attorney-General of the Federation and
Minister of Justice. Obasanjo, through Ige, provided a window of opportunity
for Afenifere when Chief Ayo Adebanjo was appointed to head a committee on the
review of the Constitution. I cannot remember now whether the report of the
Adebanjo Committee ever saw the light of day. The game was to change
dramatically after Ige was assassinated December 23, 2001.
When Adesanya led the
Afenifere Leadership to collaborate with Obasanjo for the 2003 elections, the
terms were not clear. The meetings at Obasanjo Farm House in Otta, involved
mainly members of the Leadership and the governors. Some of the members who were
interested in keeping the old AD and APP alliance for the purpose of the 2003
elections, were brushed aside. One of our leaders, Chief Harry Akande, a
billionaire businessman and philanthropist, was interested in using the
joint-platform to run for the presidency in 203. The Leadership shut the door
against him. The AD, following the insistence of Afenifere, refused to field
any presidential candidate for 2003.
Obasanjo won his re-election in 2003 and his party swept the AD governors out
of their peacock thrones in the South-West. The only survivor was the governor
of Lagos State , the street-wise Senator Bola
Ahmed Tinubu. Apart from keeping the governors on their seat, it was not clear
what else the Leadership agreed upon with Obasanjo. Since then, none of the
parties, not even the aggrieved governors, has been able to reveal anything to
us.
Since Adesanya’s death
10 years ago, the Afenifere has been struggling to restore its soul. Adesanya
was a lion-hearted leader and intellectual who dominated the movement with his
charisma and personal magnetism. He spent his time, his energy and his
resources for the struggle and invested the movement with his halo of majesty
and ecclesiastical essence. He led at a difficult time and tried with yeoman
courage to control the rough-riders who came on board the Afenifere ship once
the battle for freedom from military rule was over. They wanted to be part of
the feast.
It is true that the
unimpeachable patriarch, Chief Reuben Fasonranti is holding fort now as the
Leader of Afenifere. His years of struggle with the enduring Senator Ayo
Fasanmi seem to be over. However, it is time to re-energize the movement for
the next phase of the struggle. Break-away groups like the Afenifere Renewal
Group and others should be encouraged to come back to the fold.
Moreover, it is time
to focus on the goal. If we could not get it in 1958 and 1998, there is no
reason, why we must not work harder on the road-map in 2018. I believe that
were he to be around, the struggle for restructuring is the kind of battle that
Adesanya would relish. After all, it was his unfinished business.
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