By Olu Fasan
Recently, the Financial Times interviewed me for a special report on Nigeria. The FT had interviewed me a few times before. So, when I received a call from David Pilling, the newspaper’s Africa Editor, I knew he probably wanted to interview me again. “I read your article on Tinubu’s economic reforms,” Pilling said. “I want to speak to you about it as I am writing a report on Nigeria.” We spoke.
About two weeks later, on July 10, the report titled “Tough times and tough measures” was published in the newspaper’s “Big Read” section. The FT said, rightly, that I described the economic reforms of Bola Tinubu, Nigeria’s president, as “half-cooked”, and criticised the excesses and profligacy of his administration. “You cannot say the economy is bad and spend money like a drunken sailor,” the FT quoted me.
I had said that much in my article titled
“Tinubunomics? It’s economic illiteracy writ large!” (Vanguard, February 15,
2024). I argued that while the withdrawal of the fuel subsidy and the floating
of the naira were, in principle, necessary, they were poorly introduced and
badly implemented, without any consequential analysis. Furthermore, I said the
policies would fail without key complementarities and dependencies, notably
increased exports and foreign exchange inflows to ease the pressure on the
naira. In any case, I added, the policies were being undermined by Tinubu’s
excessive borrowing and spending, which stoked inflation, exacerbated the
cost-of-living crisis, and made a bad situation worse.
However, in the FT report,
Tinubu’s aides described the withdrawal of the fuel subsidy and the floating of
the naira as a “shock therapy” to put Nigeria’s economy on the right path.
Tinubu himself was quoted as saying that the measures were the “repairs
required to fix the economy over the long term.” Over the long term? John
Maynard Keynes famously said: “In the long run we are all dead”. Must people
die needlessly before the long term comes?
Think about it. Millions of
Nigerians are driven deeper into poverty, some dying from hunger and
deprivations. The massive devaluation of the naira has crippled business
activities and forced several businesses to close. Every economic indicator in
Nigeria today is far worse than it was before Tinubu introduced his policies.
No nation can prosper with inflation rate, interest rates, exchange rate,
unemployment rate, poverty rate, etc, being where they are in Nigeria today.
Shock therapy has not jolted Nigeria’s economy out of its sclerosis; rather,
the economy is sinking deeper into the abyss, dragging ordinary Nigerians with
it. But why?
Well, the truth, as the
Financial Times later said in an editorial, is that “shock therapy alone will
not cure Nigeria’s economic ills.” It is the height of economic illiteracy, as
I argued in my article in February, for anyone to think that withdrawing the
fuel subsidy and floating the naira alone would transform Nigeria’s economy
without all the complementarities and dependencies being in place. What’s more,
the failure to mitigate the adverse consequences of the policies will harm the
economy even more and deepen poverty and misery in Nigeria.
We were told that the fuel subsidy enriched subsidy fraudsters, which is true. But today, the fraudsters are enjoying their illicit billions, untouched, while ordinary citizens are paying the price of the subsidy removal, with the tripling of fuel prices and the soaring costs of transport, food, etc. We were told that the multiple exchange rates benefitted those gaming the system through arbitrage, which is true.
But today, the unprecedented devaluations of the naira, and the
associated hiking of interest rates, are decimating the manufacturing sector
and forcing foreign multinationals to flee Nigeria. Portfolio investors may
bring in hot money to take advantage of the excessively high interest rates –
at 26.25 per cent – but foreign direct investors, the harbinger of innovation
and technology and the creators of quality and well-paid jobs, are exiting an
economy where inflation is three-decades high at 34 per cent, where there is a
crippling dollar scarcity. Put simply, the economy is hostile to business
growth.
But there are human and leadership angles to all this. Tinubu sees his “reforms” as a “shock therapy” with a long-term, pie-in-the sky benefits while ordinary Nigerians are condemned to subhuman existence, thanks to extreme poverty and hunger. That’s proof positive that he is mindlessly out of touch and indifferent to human suffering. Indeed, Tinubu further demonstrated his hard-heartedness when he unleashed the police and the military on the #EndBadGoveranceInNigeria protesters. Nearly 20 people were killed, according to BBC. He also betrayed the same insensitivity when he gave a speech that failed utterly to acknowledge and address the concerns of the protesters, provoked by the extreme hunger in Nigeria.
Instead, Tinubu reeled off the
“achievements” of his government. But no one who has read George Orwell’s
classic polemic Politics and the English Language would be beguiled by Tinubu’s
vacuous speech. For, as Orwell said, “political language is designed to make
lies sound truthful and murder respectable, and to give an appearance of
solidity to pure wind.” If Tinubu believes, as Thomas Jefferson said, that “the
care of human life and happiness is the only legitimate object of good
government”, then he would not spiel off meaningless “achievements” that do not
substantially improve the living standards of ordinary Nigerians.
Take the so-called new minimum wage of N70,000 per month. According to the World Bank, extreme poverty is living on less than $1.90 per day. As of this week, $1.90 is N3,028. Now, divide N70,000 by 30 days, you get N2,333 per day. So, someone earning N70, 000 per month is living well below the extreme poverty threshold. What about coverage?
The Nigerian Bureau of Statistics, NBS, said that eight per cent of the adult
working population are employed in the public sector, while nine per cent are
employed in the private sector, including religion organisations, and the
remaining 83 per cent are self-employed. So, only 17 per cent of the adult
working population will receive the minimum wage, the remaining 83 per cent,
all of whom work in the informal sector, won’t. Yet, it’s such a trifling
minimum wage, with such a piffling coverage, that Tinubu is trumpeting as an
“achievement”. Anyone who owns a dog in Tinubu’s government probably feeds it
with more N70,000 a day!
As I told the FT, although Nigeria’s economy is
comatose, Tinubu’s government spends money like a drunken sailor. Tinubu’s
“shock therapy” only applies to ordinary Nigerians; it doesn’t extend to
members of his bloated cabinet, who leech off the state. He’s an
insensitive “leaders”!
*Dr. Fasan is a commentator on public issues
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