The metaphor for describing Africa as a “dark continent”
has varied in time and space. In the 1970s to 1990s, Africa’s relative
underdevelopment with high levels of poverty, ignorance, illiteracy,
disease, etc was used by the Afro-pessimists like Joseph Konrad to qualify Africa as the “heart of
darkness.” However, with the Africa ‘rising’ story, the
energy crisis, precisely the provision of electricity, is now used to qualify
the continent as a “dark continent.” When an aerial picture of Africa is taken at night via
the satellite, the image that suffices is undoubtedly one of a continent in
utter darkness, with little twinkles of light, far in between.
The facts are daunting
and the storyline is very bad. Over 60 per cent of the population of the
continent estimated at about 612 million people, do not have access to
basic energy. Sub-Saharan Africa excluding South
Africa generates less electricity than Spain. The
energy used in the city of New York
is up to, if not more than, what the entire Sub-Saharan Africa consumes. Yet,
electricity is the lifewire of a modern economy and society, without which
human potentials, and economic development will be severely impaired. Firms
cannot operate optimally, jobs cannot be created, the informal sector
cannot grow, the learning environment for our children will be harsh and
inhospitable, and households will grumble all the time. That is the fate of Africa today. The promise of industrialisation and
economic transformation will be far fetched for the continent if the energy
infrastructure is not provided in Africa.
The energy challenge is
now a major policy priority for the continent and the World Goal number seven (7)
of the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is to achieve affordable and
clean energy. The Progress Panel headed by former UN Secretary General, Kofi
Annan made energy the focus of its 2016 report entitled: Power, People and
Planet, while the African Development Bank (AfDB) made it the subject of its
annual board meetings which took place recently in Lusaka, Zambia from from May
23-27, 2016 on the theme: Energy and Climate Change.
Akinwumi Adesina, the new president of the AfDB, decked in a slim-fit suit and
his trade mark bow-tie, spoke brilliantly on why the continent must be lighted
up, and quickly too, and why the fate of our young men and women fleeing the
continent, should not be in the Mediterranean Sea, but in economic prosperity
at home. Energy is key to creating jobs and opportunities for them, at home. As
Adesina delivered his message to the audience with passion, commitment, and
conviction, the urgency of the matter no doubt dawned on everyone present. The
AfDB used the platform to launch its new initiative on the ‘New Deal on Energy
in Africa’ through which it hopes to support
African countries to overcome the energy challenge with billions of dollars in
investments.
There are areas of good
consensus amongst key stakeholders on what needs to be done to get Africa lighted up. African governments can no longer do
it alone; public-private sector partnership is central in changing the ball
game on energy in Africa. Massive investments
and strategic planing are required in the sector which hitherto was not the
case except for political rhetorics and high level of corruption. And finally,
is that the reform of the energy sector is imperative if the goal of lighting
up Africa is ever to be achieved.
